Evolution of Microcontrollers and Embedded Processors- PIC16F877A Block Diagram PIC16F877A PIN diagram-Memory Organization PIC Configuration-Registers:-The WREG Register in PIC-Special function registers-PIC File Register and access Bank.-Use of Instructions with the Default Access Bank- PIC Status Register- PIC Data Format and Directives- The Program Counter and Program ROM Space in the PIC

Arithmetic Instructions- Signed Number Concepts and Arithmetic Operations- Logic and Compare Instructions- Rotate Instruction and Data Serialization.- BCD and ASCII Conversion- Branch Instructions and Looping- I/O Port Programming in PIC- I/O Bit Manipulation. Peripherals of PIC-ADC, DAC and Sensor Interfacing –Flash and EEPROM memories.

Data Types and Time Delays in C- I/O Programming in C- Logic Operations in C- Data Serialization in C- Program ROM Allocation in C- Data RAM Allocation in C. Simple data processing programs in Embedded C

Programming Timers 0,1, 2 and 3 in C-Counter- Basics of Serial- PIC connection to RS232-Communication Programming- PIC Serial Port Programming in C- PIC InterruptsProgramming Timer, External Hardware, Serial communication and Port B change – Controlling DC/ AC appliances – Measurement of frequency - Stand alone Data Acquisition System.

PIC implementation - Generation of Gate signals for converters and Inverters - Motor Control – LCD Interfacing- Keyboard Interfacing- ADC Characteristics- ADC Programming in the PIC- DAC Interfacing- Sensor Interfacing and Signal Conditioning- Relays and Optoisolators- Stepper Motor Interfacing- DC Motor interfacing and PWM.