Development of Modern literature in Tamil

Modern Tamil literature began in the late 19th century with influences from colonialism and nationalism. Key figures like Subramania Bharati and Kalki Krishnamurthy focused on social issues and history. After independence, writers like Jayakanthan emphasized realism. Today, authors such as Perumal Murugan explore contemporary themes, with literature thriving through various genres and digital platforms.

Hero stone to modern sculpture

Hero stones in Tamil Nadu commemorate warriors and feature intricate carvings, evolving into classical sculptures during the Chola dynasty. Modern sculptors now explore contemporary themes and materials, blending tradition with innovative expression.

Valari

Valari, a traditional Tamil folk art form, involves vibrant paintings that depict mythological stories and rural life. This art is characterized by intricate designs and bright colors, often used to decorate homes during festivals and celebrations.