Cyber Attacks, Defence Strategies and Techniques, Guiding Principles, Mathematical Background for Cryptography - Modulo Arithmetic’s, The Greatest Comma Divisor, Useful Algebraic Structures, Chinese Remainder Theorem, Basics of Cryptography - Preliminaries, Elementary Substitution Ciphers, Elementary Transport Ciphers, Other Cipher Properties, Secret Key Cryptography – Product Ciphers, DES Construction 1. Write a program to implement the following cipher techniques to perform encryption and decryption i). Caesar Cipher ii). Playfair Cipher iii). Hill Cipher

RSA Operations, Why Does RSA Work?, Performance, Applications, Practical Issues, Public Key Cryptography Standard (PKCS), Cryptographic Hash - Introduction, Properties, Construction, Applications and Performance, The Birthday Attack, Discrete Logarithm and its Applications - Introduction, Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange, Other Applications 2.Write a program to implement the Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange mechanism. Consider one of the parties as Alice and the other party as bob.

Introduction, Digital Certificates, Public Key Infrastructure, Identity–based Encryption, Authentication–I - One way Authentication, Mutual Authentication, Dictionary Attacks, Authentication – II – Centalised Authentication, The Needham-Schroeder Protocol, Kerberos, Biometrics, IPSecSecurity at the Network Layer – Security at Different layers: Pros and Cons, IPSec in Action, Internet Key Exchange (IKE) Protocol, Security Policy and IPSEC, Virtual Private Networks, Security at the Transport Layer - Introduction, SSL Handshake Protocol, SSL Record Layer Protocol, OpenSSL. 3. Write a program to implement digital signature standard.

Authentication requirement – Authentication function – MAC – Hash function – Security of hash function: HMAC, CMAC – SHA – Digital signature and authentication protocols – DSS – Schnorr Digital Signature Scheme – ElGamal cryptosystem – Entity Authentication: Biometrics, Passwords, Challenge Response protocols – Authentication applications – Kerberos MUTUAL TRUST: Key management and distribution – Symmetric key distribution using symmetric and asymmetric encryption – Distribution of public keys – X.509 Certificates. 4.Write a program to implement DES algorithm 5. Write a program to implement AES algorithm

Cyber Crime and Information Security – classifications of Cyber Crimes – Tools and Methods – Password Cracking, Keyloggers, Spywares, SQL Injection – Network Access Control – Cloud Security – Web Security – Wireless Security 6.Write a program to calculate the message digest of a text using the SHA-1 algorithm. 7. Write a program to calculate the message digest of a text using the MD-5 algorithm.